This short app note gives a worked example of the gain structure optimization procedure described in the DDRC-88A User Manual.
Preliminaries[Top]
If the Output & Levels tab in Dirac Live Calibration Tool for miniDSP shows a large difference in the measured sound level for different channels, it would be a good idea to run the gain structure optimization procedure described in Section 6.3 of the DDRC-88A User Manual. The purpose of the procedure is to adjust the output gains of the DDRC-88A and following equipment to avoid problems with low output levels or clipping.
To illustrate the procedure, we used a 5.1-channel test system. The DDRC was internally configured on all channels as follows:
- Input sensitivity: 2 V
- Output gain setting: 2 V
This is a summary of the amplification:
| Channels | Type/info | Type of connection | Gain/trim? |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front left and right | Stereo amplifier | Unbalanced only | No |
| Subwoofer | Passive driven by pro amp | Unbalanced or balanced | Yes |
| Center | Monoblock amplifier | Unbalanced only | Yes |
| Surrounds | Stereo amplifier | Unbalanced only | No |
Procedure[Top]
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On the Output & levels tab, run the test signal on the first channel. Set Output volume and Input gain so that the meter reads half-way on the green bar, at −12 dB.
Figure 1. DDRC-88A Output and Levels tab.
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Run the test signal on the other channels and note the level. Don't touch the Channel volume sliders! (Leave them at maximum.) In Figure 2 below, the meter readings are shown in the "Before" column and the corresponding levels are written down in the "Reading" column.
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Now decide on the target level for each channel. Ours are shown in the "Target" column in Figure 2. Since the front left and right are at −12 dB, we used that for the speakers. Because we are using the 5.1 system configuration, we set the target for the sub 6 dB higher i.e. at −6 dB. (This is as advised in the User Manual. For the Custom system configuration, use the same target level as the speakers.)
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Now we can calculate the amount we want to adjust each channel: Change = Target − Reading.
Figure 2. Measured levels and gain adjustments.
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Here's the tricky bit: adjust the gains on each channel by the amount noted for Change. There are two tables in the User Manual that show all the options for making gain changes, and we need to just pick the closest. In this case, we were able to get the system pretty much spot-on. (Note: turn off power to the DDRC-88A and amplifiers while making these changes.) In this system, we:
- Changed the connection to the subwoofer from unbalanced to balanced. This gave us an extra 12 dB of output gain, so we then adjusted the gain control on the amplifier down by 8 dB.
- Dropped the volume control on the center channel monoblock just a tad. (Totally unnecessary, but since we could...)
- Flipped the output DIP switches for the surround channels from the "UP" position to the "DOWN" position (changing output gain setting from 2V to 0.9V).
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With that all done, going back to the Output & Levels tab gave the meter readings shown in the "After" column of Figure 2.
Wrapping up[Top]
It's not necessary to get the meter readings as close as we were able to in this example. The aim of the procedure is to get the gain structure more consistent across channels and avoid major issues — it's not necessary or useful to get the readings down to the last dB.
Enjoy your DDRC-88A! If you run into problems with this procedure, feel free to ask on our forum.
